Monday 25 January 2016

Unit 2: Communication Skills - Research Portfolio and Log (Improved version)

Research

My short film is going to be about where a person comes to a scene of a crime where there is a lifeless body laying on the floor in the forest which looking at it to find the cause of death, he discovers a flower and an note that is closed so he opens it and the camera shot changes to a close up to see what is the reaction of the detective.

1) Real world influences: For my short film that I want to make, there were two influences that helped me come up with the idea:



This is one of my influences for my short film that I want to make and it is called Dexter, Dexter is where a Miami Police Forensics is actually an serial killer of criminals that he believes that have escaped justice from the Police but this does ties in with my short film because the detective is finding evidence that is possibly leading him to the killer.  


  

Another influence for my short film is a film called Zodiac. This film is about an San Francisco cartoonist becomes an amateur detective by tracking down the Zodiac Killer which there it is tiding to my short film as there is going to be a killer on the loose where it murders a person.   

3) Box Office and Reviews that influenced me:

Box Office for Zodiac
Budget
$65,000,000 (estimated)
Gross
$33,080,084 (USA) (3 May 2007)
$33,048,353 (USA) (29 April 2007)
$32,969,154 (USA) (22 April 2007)
$32,448,587 (USA) (1 April 2007)
$29,137,557 (USA) (18 March 2007)
$23,595,973 (USA) (11 March 2007)
$13,395,610 (USA) (4 March 2007)


The box office for Zodiac is showing the budget of how much it cost to make the film and the gross it made in the United States of America on different dates but the film is one of my influences to come up with an idea for my short film. But however, my short film will not be expensive as the actual film due to the fact I am going to fund for myself but with the college as well so it will be at a low budget between £20-50 pounds.

Review for Dexter



A Bloody Masterpiece!

10/10
Author: msperling from United States
7 November 2006

Dexter will never disappoint. Each and every episode is a work of art, and it never gets boring or old. To start, we have excellent deliveries from Michael C. Hall as the serial killer (yet a like-able one) known as Dexter Morgan. Add "The Exorcism Of Emily Rose" star Jennifer Carpenter, who plays Dexter's sometimes moody sister, Deb.

It's a hard accomplishment to get someone to actually love a serial killer. But Dexter is one of those few attempts that works. It's not forced upon you- the show doesn't shove the whole "well this serial killer had a terrible childhood..." in your face. And it doesn't need to in order to get you to love its main character. You just do.

Michael C. Hall can play any emotion he's handed. Jennifer Carpenter fits her character perfectly, as does everyone else in the cast.

Then there's the actual story lines. It's not cliché. It's actually scary and chilling. It keeps you guessing. It's one of those mysteries that is very difficult to solve, but it still keeps your interest.

'Dexter' can also be hilarious when it wants to be, depressing when it wants to be and especially thrilling when it wants to be. And it doesn't come across as trying too hard.

Strong writing, clever dialogue, talented stars. It all makes for a wonderful TV show. Definitely the best new show of the season and will become one of the best shows of all time.

The highlighted lines in this review of the TV series Dexter, the user of msperling from USA on IMDb leaves a very positive comment on the show by phasing it for its story-line, the actors that are in this show, having likable characters etc, also the TV Series of Dexter is another influence for my short film that I want to make for my target audience.  

4) Funding

Kickstarter helps artists, musicians, filmmakers, designers, and other creators find the resources and support they need to make their ideas a reality. To date, tens of thousands of creative projects — big and small — have come to life with the support of the Kickstarter community.


Our community.


Kickstarter is an enormous global community built around creativity and creative projects. Over 10 million people, from every continent on earth, have backed a Kickstarter project.


Every artist, filmmaker, designer, developer, and creator on Kickstarter has complete creative control over their work — and the opportunity to share it with a vibrant community of backer.

A good example of website that can help me with funding is called Kickstarter. This is a funding website in which it helps filmmakers and artists with resources when they are producing their ideas to make it a dream come true but for my short film, Kickstarter will be a very good source for me as they will help and find resources when I am making my short film.

5. Film regulation and certification


Films for theatrical release are normally classified by at least two Examiners using the published Guidelines. In most cases the decision is ratified by a Senior Examiner, but if the Examiners are in any doubt or fail to agree, or if important policy issues are involved, the work may be seen by other members of the Board up to, and including, the Director and Presidential team.Occasionally it is necessary to take specialist advice about the legal acceptability of film content or its potential for harm. DVDs are normally seen by one Examiner, particularly when they are viewing the DVD version of a cinema film which has already been classified. However, opinions from other Examiners may be required for more difficult works.

Examiners look at issues such as discrimination, drugs, horror, imitable behaviour, language, nudity, sex, sexual violence, theme and violence when making decisions. They also consider context, the tone and impact of a work (eg how it makes the audience feel) and even the release format (for example, as DVDs are watched in the home, there is a higher risk of underage viewing).
The highlighted text above is showing that two examiners watch a film that is going to be released and confirm the recommendation to them but it is showing that they put films to any of the 6 guidelines and regulated for a suitable viewing of a certain age group. The six guidelines that the examiners can put in a film is either a U, PG, 12A, 12, 15 or an 18 rating but it does depend on the content of the video.

What does the 15 symbol mean?

No-one under 15 is allowed to see a 15 film at the cinema or buy/rent a 15 rated video. 15 rated works are not suitable for children under 15 years of age.

Are there any limits on what sort of theme a work can have at 15?

No theme is prohibited, provided the treatment is appropriate for 15 year olds.

What might I see in a 15 rated film or video?

Any of the following:
  •  strong violence
  •  frequent strong language (e.g. 'f***').
  •  portrayals of sexual activity
  •  strong verbal references to sex
  •  sexual nudity
  •  brief scenes of sexual violence or verbal references to sexual violence
  •  discriminatory language or behaviour
  •  drug taking

How much strong language is allowed in a 15?

There could potentially be a great deal. At 15 there is no upper limit on the number of uses of strong language (e.g. ‘f***’).
Occasionally there may be uses of the strongest terms (e.g. 'c***'), depending on the manner in which they are used, who is using the language, its frequency and any special contextual justification. However, continued or aggressive use will not normally be passed 15.

What about discriminatory or offensive terms?

There may be racist, homophobic or other discriminatory language, and the work could explore themes relating to this.
However, at 15 the work as a whole must not endorse discriminatory language or behaviour.

Can there be strong violence?

Yes, at 15 violence may be strong. It should not dwell on the infliction of pain or injury, however, and the strongest gory images are unlikely to be acceptable.
Strong sadistic violence is also unlikely to be acceptable.

What about horror works?

At 15 there can be strong threat and horror as long as there is no sustained focus on sadistic or sexualised threat.

Can you see drugs in a 15 rated film or video?

At 15 drug taking may be shown but the work as a whole must not promote or encourage drug misuse (for example, through instructional detail).
The misuse of easily accessible and highly dangerous substances like aerosols or solvents is unlikely to be acceptable at 15.

What about dangerous behaviour or things teens might copy?

We consider the risk of potential harm to impressionable teenagers. For example, dangerous behaviour such as hanging, suicide and self-harming should not dwell on detail which could be copied.
Whether the depiction of easily accessible weapons is acceptable will depend on factors such as realism, context and setting.


With my short film, the genre of it is going to be a thriller so the right rating for the film is going to be a 15. The highlighted text above is showing what is suitable for a 15 rating like for example, you can have use of strong threat or violence in the film but need to make sure that there is not sadistic or sexual threat in it or otherwise the film's rating will be an 18 rather than a 15.

BBFC Digital Age Ratings

How can I choose appropriate films, TV and music videos for my family to watch online on their computers, tablets, games console and smartphones?

The BBFC works with a number of on demand services to provide trusted age ratings for video content available for download and streaming online. Some of these platforms also provide parental controls allowing parents to make available to their children films with an appropriate age rating for them. The BBFC and home entertainment industry recognise that this is helpful to parents when both they and their children are selecting film or TV content to stream or download.

Why are digital age ratings useful?

Providing BBFC age ratings for online content allows viewers to make the same informed viewing and purchasing choices for themselves and their families when using Digital Video Services, as they do when visiting the cinema or renting or buying DVDs and Blu-ray.
In 2011 the BBFC commissioned some research which showed a public demand for the same BBFC ratings to be available for online content as for DVDs and Blu-rays in shops and for films at the cinema. The research found that 82% of parents prefer to download films that are classified with the trusted BBFC age ratings, symbols and BBFCinsight information.

Online services and other places using BBFC age ratings

The BBFC age ratings can be found on a number of Video-on-Demand platforms, content producers, film studios and airlines. These include:

Services

Amazon Instant Video/Prime Instant Video
BFI Player
British Airways High Life
BT TV
Curzon Home Cinema
DisneyLife
EE Film Store
Film 4OD
Find Any Film.com
Google Play
Google web search
Hopster
iTunes Movie Store
Kaleidescape
Netflix
Picturebox
Sainsbury's
TalkTalk TV Store
The Horror Show
Ultraviolet
Virgin Media
We Are Colony
Wuaki TV
XBOX Video (Microsoft)

Airlines
British Airways
Monarch
Thomson
Virgin Atlantic

Not only the BBFC (British Board of Film Classification) has film classification and regulation, it has got the digital age rating where it works with the on demand services for providing the age rating so the families will be able to keep their children safe from inappropriate content and allows the viewer to be informed before they buy or rent a movie by going to a provider but the other choice is to go and watch the movie of your choice in the cinema. Also there is a list of on demand services and airlines where you will see the age rating from the BBFC as you are about to watch a film or an programme.      

6) Online platforms for distribution and short films festivals

About

About the Edinburgh International Film Festival

Established in 1947, the Edinburgh International Film Festival is world renowned for discovering and promoting the very best in international cinema - and for heralding and debating changes in global filmmaking. Intimate in its scale, ambitious in its scope, and fuelled by pure passion for cinema in all its manifestations, EIFF seeks to spotlight the most exciting and innovative new film talent, in a setting steeped in history.

EIFF Submissions

Filmmakers are invited to submit their films in two ways - online via our partner website Withoutabox.com, or by downloading the EIFF postal form. There are three deadlines each with their own related fees.

PLEASE MAKE SURE THAT YOU HAVE READ OUR FULL RULES AND REGULATIONS BEFORE SUBMITTING YOUR FILM.


DEADLINES &
FEES
There are three submissions deadlines:
Earlybird - Wednesday 16 December 2015
SHORT – £20.00 / FEATURE - £75.00
Regular - Wednesday 20 January 2016
SHORT – £30.00 / FEATURE - £85.00
Late - Wednesday 10 February 2016
SHORT – £35.00 / FEATURE - £90.00

These are POSTMARK deadlines and reflect the date by which you must send your submission. However, please send your submission as soon as possible. Please make sure you submit the correct fee for your submission.


Or click here to download our 2016 EIFF Submission Form.
 
This is one of the film festivals that you can show your short film called the Edinburgh International Film Festival where they are known for discovering and promoting the best films in a international cinema for around the world filmmaking.
 They seek to show brand new film talent in a certain setting that will go down in history to remember. If you want to submit your short film to the Edinburgh International Film Festival, there is two ways of doing this by an online partner of the film festival called Withoutabox or other way is to download an file of the 2016 EIFF submission form.

BBFC has persuasion job over online ratings

Online-only shows, such as Netflix's House of Cards, are not legally covered by BBFC ratings so the organisation is on a mission to persuade.




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'House of Cards', starring Kevin Spacey
'House of Cards', starring Kevin Spacey 

"That is the family silver for us," said Mark Dawson, chief digital officer for the British Board of Film Classification, as he discussed the way the organisation's ratings logos - 18, PG, U - have embedded themselves in public consciousness.

Everyone knows what the ratings mean, and according to the BBFC's research at least, almost everyone agrees with its assessment of what it is appropriate for young people to watch.

 "We just implement the guidelines, which are set by public consultation," said Mr Dawson.

In cinemas and shops, the judgment of the BBFC's classifiers is protected by law. The 1984 Video Recordings Act and insists that it gives an age rating to all commercially distributed films.
At the time this meant cinema and video, and because of the way the law was written, it still does. The MPs of 1984, stirred by the "video nasty" furore, legislated without the benefit of technological clairvoyance. Their definitions were broad enough to cover DVDs or even films loaded on USB sticks, but not a world where digital downloads from iTunes, or streaming from Netflix or Amazon's LoveFilm are rapidly usurping "packaged media".
Mr Dawson's task is to make sure the BBFC's family silver maintains its value as the film industry migrates online.

Without statutory backup, his is a job of persuasion. He must persuade film companies and the big digital retailers and services to pay for their creations to be classified for online consumption (as well as cinema and DVD) and to show the BBFC rating and incorporate it into login controls so parents maintain their trust in the system. 

Progress has been made. Some 250,000 films have now been been classified for online consumption and major players such as BT Vision and Netflix are using the ratings. 

The BBFC is particularly pleased that Netflix submitted its hit Washington-based remake of House of Cards for classification. Made for the internet, and released as 13 episodes simultaneously last month, it was widely seen as the start of an important trend in entertainment. The BBFC gave all the episodes a 15 rating, except one, which featured a graphic suicide and got an 18. 


"We're not about censorship and haven't been for a long time," said Mr Dawson. "We're about giving people the information they need."

Netflix will surely test that claim later this year when it debuts Hemlock Grove, another exclusive, created by Eli Roth. The director is best known as the founder of the "torture porn" genre with his sadistic 2006 horror film Hostel. Subsequent imitators 2009's Grotesque and 2011's Human Centipede 2, were both refused any classification.

Theoretically, if Netflix's adventure in original content produce something so distasteful the BBFC does not award a classification, it could simply go ahead and distribute it anyway.

"If self regulation doesn't work then there is the possibility of new legislation," said Mr Dawson, "it would take changing two words in the law."

He strongly emphasises, however, that the BBFC is not seeking and would not seek new powers to regulate internet firms and that the government supports its attempt to bring the online industry on board voluntarily.

To prove it can work, the BBFC needs to persuade Apple and Amazon, the dominant forces in internet film distribution, to use respect and display its ratings. 

The highlighted text above on the article on the BBFC trying to persuade the online steamers to give a certification for the shows that is shown. They have given certifications to 250,000 films for different online steamers for the people to consume it by watching the whole thing but now the likes of BT Vision and Netflix are now giving age ratings but not certifications where for example on the House of Cards that can be seen on Netflix, the whole series was given an age rating of a 15 expect one of the episodes which it had graphic suicide and was given an age rating of a 18. This is only showing that the BBFC are making progress of persuading the online steamers to not only giving an age rating but also a certification.


7) Guidance for writing a successful short film

filmmaking guide

What Makes a Good Short?

There are no hard-and-fast rules as to what makes a good short film but here are a few tips that might help.
The highlighted piece of text from the BBC Film Network's article on a guide to making a very good short film with the idea that you have come up with. The tips are given here at the beginning of the article where there is bullet points on what makes a good short film like for example, in your short film you will need to make it short because you will need to have open-ending so the audience will then think what might happen next and may want to see more of the film.  

Log


Link
Format
Conclusion

Internet: A Database for movies
IMDb is where you can look at different movies about the plot, reviews, character etc. This is one of my influences that I am going to make my 1 minute short film. 

Internet
Kickstarter helps out people who want to make films, music etc by giving resources through funding it.

Online Article
This article is about how to make your short film plan sound simple and easier to understand for the producers who are going to hear my idea

Internet

BBFC has classifications of different rating like U, PG, 12A, 12, 15 or an 18 depending on the content of film.


Internet
For my short film, the rating   for it is going to be an 15 as there is going to be the use of strong threat and violence but if the threat or violence is more gruesome, then it is more likely to be an 18 rating  

Online article on the Daily Telegraph
This article is about the BBFC (British Board of Film Classification) is trying to persuade the online steamers to have the certification but on House of cards that is shown on Netflix, they give age rating of a 15 in most of the episodes but in one of episodes, there is a graphic suicide which got an 18.     

Website
The Edinburgh International Film Festival is one of the festivals where I can send my short film where my target audience will be able to watch it but others feature and short films   as well.

Website
The link is showing of how to submit your short film to the festival through two different ways but it is important to read the rules and regulation before you send it.






        

Friday 15 January 2016

Section 1: Video Guide



The video of Section 1: Developments of Editing (Improved version):




Old Version:


Thursday 14 January 2016

Unit 2- Communication Skills: Research Portfolio (Task 3- Final Version)

Daniel Storey                                                                         BTEC Media Level 3 Teacher: Mr Barton

Research: I am going to talk about what is my short film is going about, my influences, the funding for it, budget that is expected to get and a guide to making a very good short film. 

My short film is going to be about where a person wakes up all of a sudden from a stab wound to his chest in an unknown place but he is bleeding out where he tries to get up and get help but he can not do this. A couple of people see him dying on the floor and as they decide to help him, the victim passes out again.  

The idea that I have for this short film that it is influenced by a American film called What Lies Beneath that was released back in 2000 which consists of the elements of a thriller with horror but I got my ideas from this film as I am making a thriller short film.

With What Lies Beneath, it had flashbacks to show what happened in the past between the two main characters in the film and also violence and horror with it as well but my short film's genre is thriller so it will contain elements of flashbacks and suspense for a certain audience that are going to be interested in my film.


What Lies Beneath (2000)

PG-13  |   |  DramaHorrorMystery  |  21 July 2000 (USA)
6.6
Your rating:
  -/10 
Ratings: 6.6/10 from 95,892 users   Metascore: 51/100 
Reviews: 681 user | 183 critic | 35 from Metacritic.com
The wife of a university research scientist believes that her lakeside Vermont home is haunted by a ghost - or that she is losing her mind.

Director:

 

Writers:

  (screenplay), (story), 1 more credit »


Another influence that it has on me to come up with this idea for this short film is a Guardian article where it talks about a 16 year old boy in East London being stabbed to death after an incident happened in a local social club. This does tie in with my short film that I want to make because the main character does get stabbed in the beginning of the film but does not die at all as he survives.





Boy of 16 stabbed to death after east London birthday party

Police, who are believed to have notified the boy’s next of kin, are appealing for information on the incident, which took place in a Woodford park





A police officer at the entrance to Ashton playing fields where a 16 year old boy was stabbed to death, in Woodford Bridge Essex.
 A police officer at the entrance to Ashton playing fields where a 16 year old boy was stabbed to death, in Woodford Bridge Essex. Photograph: John Stillwell/PA

A 16-year-old boy has been stabbed to death in an east London park, the first murder of a teenager in the capital this year. The youth had been celebrating a girl’s 16th birthday on Saturday with about 100 other young people at a social club on the Ashton playing fields in Woodford.
After leaving the party alone, he is said to have got into an argument with four male youths outside the building, before one stabbed him. The youths then ran off towards Chigwell Road. While guests at the party tried to save him before police and paramedics arrived at 9.40pm, he died just over an hour later at Whipps Cross hospital. 
The victim has not been formally identified, but was named locally as Charlie Kutuyampo. Police this afternoon recovered two knives from near the scene, each around 5in long, and they were taken away by forensics officers. A postmortem examination will take place on Monday. No arrests have been made.




Charlie Kutuyampo
 Charlie Kutuyampo, who has been described as ‘a very fun guy to be around’. Photograph: Twitter

DCI Ken Hughes, from the homicide and major crime unit, who is leading the investigation, said: “There were around 100 young people at this party and we are appealing for anyone with information or any witnesses to come forward as soon as possible. The victim’s family are naturally devastated and in shock by what has happened and we need the help of those at the party that night to progress our investigation.”
As grieving friends laid flowers at the spot and gathered to remember him, it was reported that Kutuyampo attended or had recently left King Solomon high school on Forest Road in Ilford. A former pupil there, Jodeci Joseph, who was a few years older, told Sky News: “I built up quite a good relationship with him, like when I would see him, I would always say, ‘Hello, how are you?’ See how he is, always catch up with him, just walking around with him.
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“He was a very nice boy, very good intentions, very, very good intentions. He was very extroverted, very loud, but that is normal for a child to be quite loud. Very loud, very energetic, a lot of energy, very happy as well. He was just a very fun guy to be around.”
In 2015, 19 teenagers were murdered in London, of whom 15 were stabbed to death, a third more than in the previous year. Last year’s increase followed several years in which knife crime had been falling in the capital. Justice ministry statistics released last month showed that the number of offenders punished for carrying a knife rose by 7% in the last year as police and the courts take a tougher approach, especially to teenage offenders.
There were four fatal stabbings of teenagers in London during January 2015. The first was Jeremie Malenge, 17, who was stabbed multiple times on Homerton High Street on 6 January 2015 by three teenage boys, since jailed for his murder. Two days later, Bilal Mirza, 17, who planned to study computing at university, died after being stabbed in the thigh in Queen’s Park less than two miles from his home.





Isaiah Ekpaloba, 18, a talented rapper and actor from Hackney, was fatally stabbed on 9 January, and Shaquan Sammy-Plummer, 17, from Finsbury Park, an A-level student who had offers from five universities, was stabbed in Enfield on 30 January.
Alan Cartwright, aged 15, was the youngest teenager to die in 2015 from stab wounds. He was killed while cycling on Caledonian Road, Islington, north London, on 27 February. Joshua Williams, 18, who stabbed him while trying to steal his bicycle, was jailed for life in September.
Budget 

But the production budget of What Lies Beneath is big than my short film that is going to be made because it had profess use of equipment that was bring used by people as well as the actors and actresses who are also involved with film but it was made to make it look good for the audience that were interested to watch this in the cinema which the production budget did cost around $100 million dollars.

Box Office

Budget:

 $100,000,000 (estimated)

With my short film that is going to make, there is a low budget between £60 to £100 because although it is professional with the use of the cameras and different equipment that are also to make my short film look good but the equipment that I am going to use is being supplied by the college, so I will not need pay for anything.

Funding: The ways that I could get funded by one organization that can help the teenager's dream to make a short film possible.  

Although I am aiming to have my short film to be a low budget, I will still need to funded by the film organization that will help me to make my film possible to make because if I do you not funded at all, then I would impossible to make your film. The organization that is possible to get funded is by Kick-starter as they help young people get the resources to make the creative ideas that the young people have come up with possible.


Kickstarter helps artists, musicians, filmmakers, designers, and other creators find the resources and support they need to make their ideas a reality. To date, tens of thousands of creative projects — big and small — have come to life with the support of the Kickstarter community.

Our community

Kickstarter is an enormous global community built around creativity and creative projects. Over 10 million people, from every continent on earth, have backed a Kickstarter project. 

Every artist, filmmaker, designer, developer, and creator on Kickstarter has complete creative control over their work — and the opportunity to share it with a vibrant community of backers.



Film regulation/certification: When I about to distribute my short film 

The BBFC (British Board of Film Classification) is a independent, non-governmental organization that was founded in 1912 by the film industry that is responsible for the national classification of the film or video across the Untied Kingdom. The rating that the organization can give is U, PG, 12A, 15, and an 18 but this is depending on the content as if a film is too inappropriate, then they will ban the film from being seen in the cinemas.  

British Board of Film Classification

What is classification



Films for theatrical release are normally classified by at least two Examiners using the published Guidelines. In most cases the decision is ratified by a Senior Examiner, but if the Examiners are in any doubt or fail to agree, or if important policy issues are involved, the work may be seen by other members of the Board up to, and including, the Director and Presidential team.

Examiners look at issues such as discrimination, drugs, horror, imitable behaviour, language, nudity, sex, sexual violence, theme and violence when making decisions. They also consider context, the tone and impact of a work (eg how it makes the audience feel) and even the release format (for example, as DVDs are watched in the home, there is a higher risk of underage viewing).
Online platforms for distribution and short film festival entry

The online platforms that I am going to distribute my short film are YouTube, Netflix etc as other people can see it at anytime given but also I am going to put in my entry for my short film to seen at a festival where my target audience and business people who may want to show this to other countries by promoting it and showing it to them.

Raindance Film Festival

Discover. Be Discovered.

Raindance showcases features, shorts and music videos by filmmakers from the UK and around the world celebrating and supporting independent, new and alternative filmmakers not just during our 12 day festival but throughout the year.

Raindance is officially recognised by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences USA, the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and the British Independent Film Awards.

This is a good example of a film festival called Raindance Film Festival where it is taking place in Central London at Piccadilly Circus between the dates on 21th September to 2nd October 2016 where they show up to over 150 feature and short films.

Guidance for writing a successful short film

When writing a good short film, it is meant to have a very interesting idea for it because if you came up with a idea that is potentially boring then you may lose interest from the target audience and not bother at all watching at all. So if you are coming up with a idea for a short film that you could look at different short films on YouTube to get overview of what ideas that other people came up with but you are finding it hard to come up with a idea, then you could get inspiration of what you have gone through in the past or reading different stories in the internet or newspaper to get a idea for your short film.  

What Makes a Good Short?

There are no hard-and-fast rules as to what makes a good short film but here are a few tips that might help.